PrayogSetu

Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction

Experiment Mode:

Electromagnetic Induction Setup

Stationary (v = 0.0 m/s)
Click & drag bar magnet horizontally

Live Measurement Dashboard

LIVE READINGS
Magnet Position
-15.0 cm
Magnet Velocity
0.00 m/s
Magnetic Flux (Φ)
0.00 mWb
Rate of Flux Change (dΦ/dt)
0.00 mWb/s
Induced EMF (E)
0.00 V
Induced Current (I)
0.00 A
Coil Turns (N)
200 turns
Coil Resistance (R)
10 Ω

Real-Time Signal Analysis

Induced EMF (E) vs. Time 0.00 V
Magnetic Flux (Φ) vs. Time 0.00 mWb

Faraday's Law Verification Engine

Awaiting Movement
Magnetic Flux Change (ΔΦ) 0.000 mWb
Flux Change Rate (dΦ/dt) 0.000 mWb/s
Coil Turns (N) 200
Measured EMF (E_meas) 0.000 V
Calculated EMF (-N·dΦ/dt) 0.000 V
Numerical Difference 0.000 V
Faraday's Law Equation: E = - N · (dΦ / dt)

Experimental Observation Table

Trial # Direction Speed (m/s) Turns (N) Field (T) Area (cm²) Flux (mWb) dΦ/dt (mWb/s) Induced EMF (V) Current (A) Polarity
No readings logged yet. Click "Add Current Reading" while magnet is moving to log data.

Guided Laboratory Procedure

Step 1 of 12
  1. 1
    Initialize Setup: Select Mode 1: Vary Magnet Speed and set Coil Turns N = 200, Speed v = 2.0 m/s.
  2. 2
    Observe Initial State: Verify that when the magnet is stationary (v = 0), the magnetic flux is constant, dΦ/dt = 0, and the induced EMF E = 0 V.
  3. 3
    Move Magnet IN: Click [ MOVE IN ] to insert the magnet into the solenoid coil. Observe positive galvanometer deflection and positive EMF peak.
  4. 4
    Observe Flux Increase: Note that as the North pole enters the coil, the enclosed magnetic flux Φ rapidly increases.
  5. 5
    Pause inside Coil: Click [ PAUSE ] when magnet is inside coil. Observe EMF falling to 0 V despite high flux presence!
  6. 6
    Move Magnet OUT: Click [ MOVE OUT ] to extract the magnet. Observe reversal of galvanometer deflection and negative EMF polarity!
  7. 7
    Vary Magnet Speed: Increase Magnet Speed to 4.0 m/s and repeat movement. Observe how faster flux change induces larger peak EMF.
  8. 8
    Vary Number of Turns: Switch to Mode 2: Vary Coil Turns. Set N = 800 turns. Observe proportional increase in induced EMF magnitude.
  9. 9
    Test Oscillatory Motion: Click [ OSCILLATE ] for continuous harmonic motion. Observe alternating AC voltage signal on the EMF vs Time graph.
  10. 10
    Verify Lenz's Law: Observe the induced magnetic field indicator (B_ind). Notice how B_ind opposes magnetic flux increase during insertion and opposes flux decrease during withdrawal.
  11. 11
    Record Experimental Readings: Click [ ADD CURRENT READING ] during different trials to build your observation dataset.
  12. 12
    Verify Faraday's Law: Compare the measured EMF against calculated theoretical values in the Verification Panel to confirm E = -N (dΦ/dt).